tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-32069420503765162932024-03-20T15:45:14.375+05:30UPSC general studies and current affairs 2015UPSC general studies and current affairs 2015Unknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger147125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-20960790300839582952015-05-13T16:45:00.000+05:302015-05-13T16:45:16.246+05:30List of Biosphere Reserves in IndiaList of Biosphere Reserves in India<br />
<br />
<br />
<table border="1" cellspacing="0">
<colgroup width="40"></colgroup>
<colgroup width="180"></colgroup>
<colgroup width="250"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left" height="17"><b>Sno</b></td>
<td align="left"><b>Biosphere Reserve</b></td>
<td align="left"><b>Location in the State/UT</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">1</td>
<td align="left">Nilgiri</td>
<td align="left">Part of Wayanad, Nagarhole, Bandipur and Madumalai, Nilambur, Silent Valley and Siruvani Hills in Tamilnadu, Kerala and Karnataka</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">2</td>
<td align="left">Nanda Devi</td>
<td align="left">Part of Chamoli, Pithoragarh and Almora districts in Uttarakhand</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">3</td>
<td align="left">Nokrek</td>
<td align="left">Part of East West and South of Garohill districts in Meghalaya</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">4</td>
<td align="left">Manas</td>
<td align="left">Part of Kokrajhar, Bongaigaon, Barpeta, Nalbari, Kamrup and Darang districts in Assam</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">5</td>
<td align="left">Sunderban</td>
<td align="left">Part of delta of Ganges & Brahmaputra river system in West Bengal</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">6</td>
<td align="left">Gulf of Mannar</td>
<td align="left">India part of Gulf of Mannar extending from Rameswaram island in the north to Kanyakumari in the south of Tamilnadu</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">7</td>
<td align="left">Great Nicobar</td>
<td align="left">Southern most island of Andaman and Nicobar islands</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">8</td>
<td align="left">Similipal</td>
<td align="left">Part of Mayurbhanj district of Orissa</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">9</td>
<td align="left">Dibru-Saikhova</td>
<td align="left">Part of Dibrugarh and Tinsukia districts of Assam</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">10</td>
<td align="left">Dehang-Dibang</td>
<td align="left">Part of Upper Siang, West Siang and Dibang Valley districts of Arunachal Pradesh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">11</td>
<td align="left">Pachmarhi</td>
<td align="left">Part of Betul,Hoshangabad and Chhindwara districts in Madhyapradesh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">12</td>
<td align="left">Khangchendzonga</td>
<td align="left">Part of North and West districts of Sikkim</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">13</td>
<td align="left">Agasthyamalai</td>
<td align="left">Part of Thirunelveli and Kanyakumari districts in Tamilnadu and Thiruvanthapuram, Kollam and Pathnamthitta districts in Kerala</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">14</td>
<td align="left">Achanakmar-Amarkantak</td>
<td align="left">Part of Anuppur and Dindori districts of Madhyapradesh Bilaspur district of Chattisgarh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">15</td>
<td align="left">Kachchh</td>
<td align="left">Part of Kachchh,Rajkot, Surendranagar and patan districts of Gujarat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">16</td>
<td align="left">Cold Desert</td>
<td align="left">Pin Valley NationalPark and surroundings; Chandratal and Sarchu; and Kibber wild life sanctuary in HimachalPradesh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">17</td>
<td align="left">Seshachalam</td>
<td align="left">Seshachalam Hill ranges in Eastern Ghats encompassing part of Chttoor and Kadapa districts in Andhrapradesh </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">18</td>
<td align="left">Panna</td>
<td align="left">Part of Panna and Chhattarpur districts in Madhyapradesh</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-85967506091462076112015-05-08T10:35:00.001+05:302015-05-08T10:35:38.590+05:30List of Elephant Reserves in India<br />
<b>List of Elephant Reserves in India</b><br />
<br />
<br />
<table border="1" cellspacing="0">
<colgroup width="36"></colgroup>
<colgroup width="210"></colgroup>
<colgroup width="190"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left" height="17"><b>Sno</b></td>
<td align="left"><b>Elephant Reserve</b></td>
<td align="left"><b>State</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">1</td>
<td align="left">Mayur Jharna</td>
<td align="left">West Bengal</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">2</td>
<td align="left">Singhbum</td>
<td align="left">Jharkhand</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">3</td>
<td align="left">Mayurbhanj</td>
<td align="left">Odisha</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">4</td>
<td align="left">Mahanadi</td>
<td align="left">Odisha</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">5</td>
<td align="left">Sambalpur</td>
<td align="left">Odisha</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">6</td>
<td align="left">Badalkhol-Tamorpingla</td>
<td align="left">Chattisgarh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">7</td>
<td align="left">Kameng</td>
<td align="left">Arunachal Pradesh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">8</td>
<td align="left">Sonitpur</td>
<td align="left">Assam</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">9</td>
<td align="left">Dihing-Patkai</td>
<td align="left">Assam</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">10</td>
<td align="left">South Arunachal</td>
<td align="left">Arunachal Pradesh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">11</td>
<td align="left">Kaziranga - Karbi Anglong</td>
<td align="left">Assam</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">12</td>
<td align="left">Dhansiri – Lungding</td>
<td align="left">Assam</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">13</td>
<td align="left">Intanki</td>
<td align="left">Nagaland</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">14</td>
<td align="left">Chirang – Ripu</td>
<td align="left">Assam</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">15</td>
<td align="left">Eastern Dooars</td>
<td align="left">West Bengal</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">16</td>
<td align="left">Garo Hills</td>
<td align="left">Meghalaya</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">17</td>
<td align="left">Mysore</td>
<td align="left">Karnataka</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">18</td>
<td align="left">Wayanad</td>
<td align="left">Kerala</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">19</td>
<td align="left">Nilgiri</td>
<td align="left">Tamilnadu</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">20</td>
<td align="left">Rayala</td>
<td align="left">Andhra Pradesh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">21</td>
<td align="left">Nilambur</td>
<td align="left">Kerala</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">22</td>
<td align="left">Coimbatore</td>
<td align="left">Tamilnadu</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">23</td>
<td align="left">Anamalai</td>
<td align="left">Tamilnadu</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">24</td>
<td align="left">Anamudi </td>
<td align="left">Kerala</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">25</td>
<td align="left">Periyar</td>
<td align="left">Kerala</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">26</td>
<td align="left">Srivilliputtur</td>
<td align="left">Tamilnadu</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">27</td>
<td align="left">Shivalik</td>
<td align="left">Uttarakhand</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">28</td>
<td align="left">Uttar Pradesh</td>
<td align="left">Uttar Pradesh</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-26225323268257397502015-05-07T11:08:00.000+05:302015-05-07T11:08:01.262+05:30National River Conservation Plan<br />
<br />
<b>National River Conservation Plan</b><br />
<br />
<b>Objective:</b> is to improve the water quality of the rivers, which are the major water sources in the country, through the implementation of the pollution abatement works.<br />
<br />
So far 42 rivers have been selected under this programme.<br />
<br />
The pollution abatement works taken up under this programme include<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>Interception and diversion works to capture raw sewage flowing into the rivers through open drains and diverting them for treatment.</li>
<li>Setting up of sewage treatment plants (STPs) for treating the diverted sewage.</li>
<li>Construction of low cost sanitation toilets to prevent open defecation on river banks.</li>
<li>Construction of Electric Crematoria to conserve the use of wood.</li>
<li>River front development work such as improvement of bathing ghats.</li>
<li>Afforestation on river banks.</li>
<li>Public Participation and awareness building etc. </li>
</ul>
<br />
<b>List of Rivers covered</b> under National River Conservation Plan<br />
<br />
<br />
<table border="1" cellspacing="0">
<colgroup width="46"></colgroup>
<colgroup width="169"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left" height="17"><b>Sno</b></td>
<td align="left"><b>River</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">1</td>
<td align="left">Adayar</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">2</td>
<td align="left">Beas</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">3</td>
<td align="left">Betwa</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">4</td>
<td align="left">Beehar</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">5</td>
<td align="left">Bhadra</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">6</td>
<td align="left">Brahmani</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">7</td>
<td align="left">Cauvery</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">8</td>
<td align="left">Cooum</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">9</td>
<td align="left">Chambal</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">10</td>
<td align="left">Damodar</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">11</td>
<td align="left">Dhipu & Dhansiri</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">12</td>
<td align="left">Ganga</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">13</td>
<td align="left">Ghaggar</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">14</td>
<td align="left">Godavari</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">15</td>
<td align="left">Gomati</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">16</td>
<td align="left">Khan</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">17</td>
<td align="left">Krishna</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">18</td>
<td align="left">Kshipra</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">19</td>
<td align="left">Mahanadi</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">20</td>
<td align="left">Mandovi</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">21</td>
<td align="left">Mandakini</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">22</td>
<td align="left">Mahananda</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">23</td>
<td align="left">Mindhola</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">24</td>
<td align="left">Musi</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">25</td>
<td align="left">Narmada</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">26</td>
<td align="left">Pennar</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">27</td>
<td align="left">Pamba</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">28</td>
<td align="left">Panchganga</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">29</td>
<td align="left">Rani Chu</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">30</td>
<td align="left">Ramganga</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">31</td>
<td align="left">Sabarmati</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">32</td>
<td align="left">Satluj</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">33</td>
<td align="left">Subarnarekha</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">34</td>
<td align="left">Tapti</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">35</td>
<td align="left">Tapi</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">36</td>
<td align="left">Tunga</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">37</td>
<td align="left">Tungabadra</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">38</td>
<td align="left">Tamrabarani</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">39</td>
<td align="left">Vaigai</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">40</td>
<td align="left">Vennar</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">41</td>
<td align="left">Wainganga</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">42</td>
<td align="left">Yamuna</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-54816599914226013432015-05-05T16:05:00.000+05:302015-05-05T16:05:09.829+05:30List of wetlands of International Importance in India under Ramsar ConventionList of wetlands of International Importance in India under Ramsar Convention<br />
<br />
<table border="1" cellspacing="0">
<colgroup width="31"></colgroup>
<colgroup width="170"></colgroup>
<colgroup width="170"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left" height="17">Sno</td>
<td align="left">Name of the Wetland</td>
<td align="left">State</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">1</td>
<td align="left">Chandrataal</td>
<td align="left">Himachal Pradesh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">2</td>
<td align="left">Renuka</td>
<td align="left">Himachal Pradesh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">3</td>
<td align="left">Rudrasagar</td>
<td align="left">Tripura</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">4</td>
<td align="left">Upper Ganga</td>
<td align="left">Uttar Pradesh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">5</td>
<td align="left">Hokarsar</td>
<td align="left">Jammu and Kashmir</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">6</td>
<td align="left">Surinar – Mansar</td>
<td align="left">Jammu and Kashmir</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">7</td>
<td align="left">Bhitarkanika Mangroves</td>
<td align="left">Odisha</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">8</td>
<td align="left">Bhoj Wetland</td>
<td align="left">Madhya Pradesh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">9</td>
<td align="left">Deepor Beel</td>
<td align="left">Asom</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">10</td>
<td align="left">East Calcutta Wetlands</td>
<td align="left">West Bengal</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">11</td>
<td align="left">Kolleru Lake</td>
<td align="left">Andhra Pradesh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">12</td>
<td align="left">Sasthamkotta Lake</td>
<td align="left">Kerala</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">13</td>
<td align="left">Ashtamudi</td>
<td align="left">Kerala</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">14</td>
<td align="left">Tsomoriri</td>
<td align="left">Jammu and Kashmir</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">15</td>
<td align="left">Vembanad – Kol wetland</td>
<td align="left">Kerala</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">16</td>
<td align="left">Point Calimere Sanctuary</td>
<td align="left">Tamilnadu</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">17</td>
<td align="left">Pong Dam Lake</td>
<td align="left">Himachal Pradesh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">18</td>
<td align="left">Kanjli</td>
<td align="left">Punjab</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">19</td>
<td align="left">Ropar</td>
<td align="left">Punjab</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">20</td>
<td align="left">Harike Lake</td>
<td align="left">Punjab</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">21</td>
<td align="left">Loktak Lake</td>
<td align="left">Manipur</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">22</td>
<td align="left">Sambhar Lake</td>
<td align="left">Rajasthan</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">23</td>
<td align="left">Wular Lake</td>
<td align="left">Jammu and Kashmir</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">24</td>
<td align="left">Chilika Lake</td>
<td align="left">Odisha</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">25</td>
<td align="left">Keoladeo National Park</td>
<td align="left">Rajasthan</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" height="17">26</td>
<td align="left">Nalsarovar</td>
<td align="left">Gujarat</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-52163491680467292822015-01-10T19:27:00.000+05:302015-01-10T20:16:41.726+05:30List of Indian Biosphere Reserves included in UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Network<br>
India has 18 Biosphere Reserves, out of these nine
Biosphere Reserves have been included in UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Network. They are,<br>
<ol>
<li>Nilgiri (Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka),</li>
<li>Gulf of Mannar(Tamil Nadu),</li>
<li>Sunderban (West Bengal),</li>
<li>Nanda
Devi,(Uttarakhand),</li>
<li>Pachmarhi (Madhya Pradesh),</li>
<li>Similipal(Orissa),</li>
<li>Nokrek (Meghalaya), </li>
<li>Achanakmar-Amarkantak(Chhattisgarh & Madhya Pradesh) and </li>
<li>Great Nicobar </li>
</ol>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-73897838723897186272015-01-09T22:16:00.000+05:302015-01-10T20:15:41.931+05:30List of UNESCO Natural World Heritage Sites in India<br />
UNESCO has recognized six natural World Heritage Sites in India <br />
<ol>
<li>Nanda Devi National Park,</li>
<li>Kaziranga National Park, </li>
<li>Manas National Park, </li>
<li>Keoladeo National Park, </li>
<li>Sundarbans National Park and </li>
<li>Serial cluster of 39 sites from Western Ghats spread over 4 States. </li>
</ol>
<br />
The Valley of Flowers National Park has also been included in the list of World Heritage Sites as an extension of Nanda Devi National Park.<br />
<br />
Tentative list of World Heritage Site nominations from India include<br />
<br />
<ol>
<li>Bhitarkanika Conservation area, </li>
<li>Desert National Park, Great </li>
<li>Himalayan National Park, </li>
<li>Kangchendzonga National Park, </li>
<li>Namdhapha National Park, </li>
<li>Neora Valley National Park, and </li>
<li>Wild Ass Sanctuary, Little Rann of Kutch </li>
</ol>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-56382343112583986832015-01-08T20:10:00.000+05:302015-01-08T20:10:40.564+05:30List of Environmental Laws in India<br />
Following is a comprehensive list of Environmental laws made by the Government of India<br />
<ul>
<li>The Indian Forest Act, 1927</li>
<li>The Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act,1960</li>
<li>The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972</li>
<li>The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974</li>
<li>The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980</li>
<li>The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981</li>
<li>The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986</li>
<li>National Forest Policy, 1988</li>
<li>Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989</li>
<li>The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991</li>
<li>Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ), 1991 -under The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986</li>
<li>The National Environment Tribunal Act, 1995</li>
<li>Ozone Depleting Substances (Regulation) Rules, 2000</li>
<li>Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000</li>
<li>Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Act of 2001</li>
<li>Biological Diversity Act, 2002</li>
<li>The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006</li>
<li>Wetland (Conservation and Management) Rules 2010</li>
<li>National Green Tribunal Act, 2010</li>
</ul>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-28400110122352216052015-01-07T17:20:00.000+05:302015-01-07T17:21:33.918+05:30Critically Endangered Species of India booklet by Ministry of Environment and Forests - free downloadAbout the booklet
<br />
<ul>
<li>Released in 2011 </li>
<li>Released by the Ministry of Environment and Forests in collaboration with Zoological Survey of India </li>
<li> Covers </li>
<ul>
<li> Criteria for Critically endangered species </li>
<li>Birds </li>
<li>Mammals </li>
<li>Reptiles </li>
<li>Amphibians </li>
<li>Fish </li>
<li>Spiders and</li>
<li>Corals</li>
</ul>
</ul>
Click on the below link to download the file<br />
<br />
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2lrHcS2MH0vNmRWcEhJLVpHWnFCellFaXcwejZrbTNCODB3/view?usp=sharing" target="_blank">https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B2lrHcS2MH0vNmRWcEhJLVpHWnFCellFaXcwejZrbTNCODB3</a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null">/view?usp=sharing </a><br />
<ul><ul>
</ul>
</ul>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-614652937753372832013-02-08T07:27:00.000+05:302013-02-08T07:27:17.464+05:30Justice Verma Report - Conclusions and Recommendations pdf<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The conclusions and recommendations given by the Report of the Committeeon Amendments to Criminal Law by Justice Verma.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><a href="https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B2lrHcS2MH0vd0cxbzltMzBSWnM/edit?usp=sharing">https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B2lrHcS2MH0vd0cxbzltMzBSWnM/edit?usp=sharing</a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Go to File-> Download menu to download the document in pdf format.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-23304464486202863652012-12-28T18:52:00.000+05:302012-12-28T18:52:22.446+05:30Draft Twelfth Five Year Plan Documents 2012-17<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQQEPQTrjeeUlNEwJh15UE6rZ49HN-uSlBzecesesY8-5k2xdwxcuaSix8mCd7BsbZqPxpu1iM8pPkCAI92DvB26eMNMjX7mMQkEALFL4laeuQIiyQius9_425xpAChf-49I_0LYwIeY7f/s1600/cover_vol1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Faster, More Inclusive and Sustainable Growth Volume 1" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQQEPQTrjeeUlNEwJh15UE6rZ49HN-uSlBzecesesY8-5k2xdwxcuaSix8mCd7BsbZqPxpu1iM8pPkCAI92DvB26eMNMjX7mMQkEALFL4laeuQIiyQius9_425xpAChf-49I_0LYwIeY7f/s1600/cover_vol1.jpg" title="Faster, More Inclusive and Sustainable Growth Volume 1" /></a></span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Faster, More Inclusive and Sustainable Growth Volume 1</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Faster, More Inclusive and Sustainable Growth Volume 1 <a href="http://planningcommission.nic.in/plans/planrel/12thplan/pdf/vol_1.pdf" target="_blank">Download</a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0ILjTOpm4rOCXLdwRxGRGLCFmvQM-6Lqm5C56d-Pjos0fZCy_8KGiru4W9wIj_vMZAxfzSaVxxvjMqQRxnxHdwVpFpp_mhRbSYTwyPxA23QgT4FoQgTf_DlMUakVDVkVUHd2d6MOqqOGY/s1600/cover_vol2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Economic Sectors Volume 2 " border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0ILjTOpm4rOCXLdwRxGRGLCFmvQM-6Lqm5C56d-Pjos0fZCy_8KGiru4W9wIj_vMZAxfzSaVxxvjMqQRxnxHdwVpFpp_mhRbSYTwyPxA23QgT4FoQgTf_DlMUakVDVkVUHd2d6MOqqOGY/s1600/cover_vol2.jpg" title="Economic Sectors Volume 2 " /></a></span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Economic Sectors Volume 2 </span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Economic Sectors Volume 2 <a href="http://planningcommission.nic.in/plans/planrel/12thplan/pdf/vol_2.pdf" target="_blank">Download</a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7hL1X0li85lOeLay_VEocn9B1VJ1_YYJnH3TLazmfBGWV7r4HDQFq8G5qD6oGFpQveyyAk9g4-jZ3hfMX6WRCcoAseDj9oQIauNFEYqS8OsWnM6h5J0tgsCuxpHB0_jnMLX8bUYf84RDw/s1600/cover_vol3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Social Sectors Volume 3" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7hL1X0li85lOeLay_VEocn9B1VJ1_YYJnH3TLazmfBGWV7r4HDQFq8G5qD6oGFpQveyyAk9g4-jZ3hfMX6WRCcoAseDj9oQIauNFEYqS8OsWnM6h5J0tgsCuxpHB0_jnMLX8bUYf84RDw/s1600/cover_vol3.jpg" title="Social Sectors Volume 3" /></a></span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Social Sectors Volume 3</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Social Sectors Volume 3 <a href="http://planningcommission.nic.in/plans/planrel/12thplan/pdf/vol_3.pdf" target="_blank">Download</a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: red;">NOTE:</span> This is only a draft document which is still being edited. Readers are requested to point out the errors they notice.</span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-37577187421328960092012-12-16T19:20:00.000+05:302012-12-16T19:20:51.916+05:30Important Species of India - Crocodiles<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"></span><br>
<h4>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Mugger crocodile (Crocodylus palustris)</b> :</span></h4>
<br>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br></span>
<br>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjumuxgVHS0As2X4zp_8aRe6FhTmcSsHzyy1Ms8G1s9Kbkdkpt5DOrptJ3AMdvurJe56poevZZ0DeMVNxexOYxusabDmNKDBSIOqknddykUOgpQSIijM4XZE3PsCQl8sc7WywPqNiiR3K2G/s1600/mugger.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Mugger crocodile" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjumuxgVHS0As2X4zp_8aRe6FhTmcSsHzyy1Ms8G1s9Kbkdkpt5DOrptJ3AMdvurJe56poevZZ0DeMVNxexOYxusabDmNKDBSIOqknddykUOgpQSIijM4XZE3PsCQl8sc7WywPqNiiR3K2G/s1600/mugger.jpg" title="Mugger crocodile"></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Mugger crocodile</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br></span>
<br>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The mugger crocodile, also called the Indian crocodile, or marsh crocodile, is found throughout the Indian subcontinent.</span> </li>
<li>It is listed as vulnerable by IUCN.</li>
<li>This crocodile is the most common and widespread of the three species of crocodiles in India.</li>
<li>The mugger is mainly a freshwater species, and found in lakes, rivers and marshes.</li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"></span><br>
<a href="http://random-gs.blogspot.com/2012/12/important-species-of-india-crocodiles.html#more">Read more »</a>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-72550185142388194002012-12-15T17:14:00.001+05:302012-12-16T13:10:29.181+05:30Important Species Of India - Elephant<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi93pZkPl2ic6KhK-9XktO8dsBVArOuoBHphrsUFqYf4TTleR6LPX4i0-siyHbjAE8lnHQ7pYj0-CegkvPMW04v5lnelTETBjFK34yASpcrVdwR4zNxt6-OzDf13f98LgIbZYtBaVEyBm8G/s1600/indian+elephant.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Indian elephant" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi93pZkPl2ic6KhK-9XktO8dsBVArOuoBHphrsUFqYf4TTleR6LPX4i0-siyHbjAE8lnHQ7pYj0-CegkvPMW04v5lnelTETBjFK34yASpcrVdwR4zNxt6-OzDf13f98LgIbZYtBaVEyBm8G/s1600/indian+elephant.jpg" title="Indian elephant"></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Indian Elephant</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"></span><br>
<h4>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>The Indian Elephant (Elephas maximus indicus) :</b></span></h4>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br></span></div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The Indian Elephant is listed as endangered by IUCN.</span> </li>
<li>Elephants inhabit grasslands, dry deciduous, moist deciduous, evergreen and semi-evergreen forests.</li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"></span><br>
</div><a href="http://random-gs.blogspot.com/2012/12/important-speciece-of-india-elephant.html#more">Read more »</a>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-54859643290328336812012-12-14T22:43:00.002+05:302012-12-14T22:43:23.073+05:30Important Species Of India - Dogs, Bears<h4>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Dogs</span></h4>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br></span>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br></span>
<br>
<h4>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>The Indian Wild Dog or the Dhole (Cuon alpinus) :</b></span></h4>
<br>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLp7nSeiiPjRRjX-3Xq77VWBhb73jFxlVGTYTbfNXgxjfPrdvjaEQHB-fEzZnlxCgu-cvEyVpdbHyeEzCkYPK_jAdtI-SUTqM0tDaJMzzjc_6IL4EjGuiIJSJJbZQMZt2i7BumR9DrjN4h/s1600/dhole.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Dhole" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLp7nSeiiPjRRjX-3Xq77VWBhb73jFxlVGTYTbfNXgxjfPrdvjaEQHB-fEzZnlxCgu-cvEyVpdbHyeEzCkYPK_jAdtI-SUTqM0tDaJMzzjc_6IL4EjGuiIJSJJbZQMZt2i7BumR9DrjN4h/s1600/dhole.jpg" title="Dhole"></a></span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Dhole</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br></span>
<br>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The dholes are classified as endangered by the IUCN.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Dholes are found in the central Indian Highlands and the Western and Eastern Ghats, northeast India's states and in Ladakh. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Threats to dholes include habitat loss, depletion of its prey base, competition from other predators, diseases from domestic and feral dogs. </span></li>
</ul>
<h4>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"></span></h4><a href="http://random-gs.blogspot.com/2012/12/important-species-of-india-dogs-bears.html#more">Read more »</a>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-32488914663742257742012-12-13T19:19:00.000+05:302012-12-16T13:11:00.008+05:30Important Species Of India - Monkeys, Langurs, Apes<h4 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Monkeys</b></span></h4>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br></span></div>
<h4 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>The Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta) :</b></span></h4>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br></span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPVH6eZ4zy1ysFCNvxEmzBuIPM684FVq3nL4d-UfcPvhvfMX6Oxdp0Qi2ebQBszeP_30tWj8Nd4sNDj88Tw2o2S6oGgKxccOkvQ37Frre6GHCWNTjZ24IO2FVZQoSeCMECBxoSs9xi3MuF/s1600/Rhesus+Macaque.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Rhesus Macaque" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPVH6eZ4zy1ysFCNvxEmzBuIPM684FVq3nL4d-UfcPvhvfMX6Oxdp0Qi2ebQBszeP_30tWj8Nd4sNDj88Tw2o2S6oGgKxccOkvQ37Frre6GHCWNTjZ24IO2FVZQoSeCMECBxoSs9xi3MuF/s1600/Rhesus+Macaque.jpg" title="Rhesus Macaque"></a></span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Rhesus Macaque</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br></span></div>
<ul style="text-align: justify;">
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">It is also called as the rhesus monkey.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">It is one of the best known monkey species. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">It is listed as Least Concern by IUCN.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Found throughout Norhern India.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The threats to this species include hunting, habitat degradation and fragmentation.</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"></span></div>
<a href="http://random-gs.blogspot.com/2012/12/important-speciece-of-india-monkeys.html#more">Read more »</a>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-33115955821245427292012-12-12T19:43:00.000+05:302012-12-12T19:45:39.592+05:30Important Species of India - Wild Ass, Gaur, Yak, Wild Buffalo and Rhinoceros<h4 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The Indian Wild Ass (Equus hemionus khur) :</span></h4>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijTIKa3uQtqBi-9ynPii_eciNAK-LdAPX6T82rtpNDVd46Tst-vsFGOk4zkOqBAgGmj4xyPRL40q5NcP0ssSjKbxrUy3TjQe_Wzn9icuHneir2JI8hPnquJBJ4Nl8-sUuxRSxY1N7M9sGB/s1600/Indian+Wild+ass.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="The Indian Wild Ass " border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijTIKa3uQtqBi-9ynPii_eciNAK-LdAPX6T82rtpNDVd46Tst-vsFGOk4zkOqBAgGmj4xyPRL40q5NcP0ssSjKbxrUy3TjQe_Wzn9icuHneir2JI8hPnquJBJ4Nl8-sUuxRSxY1N7M9sGB/s1600/Indian+Wild+ass.jpg" title="The Indian Wild Ass "></a></span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The Indian Wild Ass </span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<ul style="text-align: justify;">
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">it is the only wild ass found in India</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">It is Classified as endangered by IUCN.</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Distribution : </b></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"></span><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhF0y4jyt3_dfOAHLLr8LQ2z-J1M63JbvRjbvnJhI94j6aNqULg3gLdmwH3QBfJrIa56b1M8CRleWnVEH0jAt43gtfQ69b4SU_D9a_sJJTu5Ehuo4we2qQKdQgWXbZTBwQck8F8mZ8hiyTZ/s1600/Kuchchh.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhF0y4jyt3_dfOAHLLr8LQ2z-J1M63JbvRjbvnJhI94j6aNqULg3gLdmwH3QBfJrIa56b1M8CRleWnVEH0jAt43gtfQ69b4SU_D9a_sJJTu5Ehuo4we2qQKdQgWXbZTBwQck8F8mZ8hiyTZ/s1600/Kuchchh.png"></a></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br></span></div>
<ul style="text-align: justify;">
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Its last refuge lies in the Indian Wild Ass Sanctuary, Little Rann of Kutch and its surrounding areas of the Great Rann of Kutch in the Gujarat province of India.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Saline deserts (rann), arid grasslands and shrublands are its preferred environments.</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Threats : </b></span></div>
<ul style="text-align: justify;">
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Disease</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">habitat degradation due to salt activities, </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">the invasion of the Prosopis juliflora shrub, and </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">encroachment and grazing by the Maldhari. </span></li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"></span><br>
</div><a href="http://random-gs.blogspot.com/2012/12/important-species-of-india-wild-ass.html#more">Read more »</a>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-50879960169501576802012-12-01T14:42:00.000+05:302012-12-12T19:42:45.668+05:30Important Species of India - Antelopes and Deers<h4>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>The Chinkara</b> or <b>Indian Gazelle</b> (Gazella gazelle) : </span></h4>
<br>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcYVdNHmzWNvyBiqgapha0xEp4CzJJbar1a5jXGKG-wsgim1Gvat39aH4_E4mwm2lEB2qHF1F8O86WyaTOv69GAEvtomuZePh_tUcivRPdxAL_8zD4JFR_Hv6JfnMNjk_bVWy2AvyT9Ub_/s1600/Chinkara.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="The Chinkara" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcYVdNHmzWNvyBiqgapha0xEp4CzJJbar1a5jXGKG-wsgim1Gvat39aH4_E4mwm2lEB2qHF1F8O86WyaTOv69GAEvtomuZePh_tUcivRPdxAL_8zD4JFR_Hv6JfnMNjk_bVWy2AvyT9Ub_/s1600/Chinkara.jpg" style="cursor: move;" title="The Chinkara"></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>The Chinkara</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"></span><br>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The Chinkara is a gazelle found in India. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">It is listed as Least Concern by IUCN.</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Distribution :</b> </span><br>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">It is found in grassland and desert habitats.</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Threats : </b></span><br>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The population of chinkaras is in sharp decline due to hunting for game.</span></li>
</ul>
<br>
<a href="http://random-gs.blogspot.com/2012/12/important-species-of-india-antelopes.html#more">Read more »</a>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-83366555936243891112012-11-30T20:56:00.000+05:302012-12-12T19:44:30.345+05:30Important Species of India - Cats<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<h4>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>The Tiger (Panthera tigris) :</b></span></h4>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigDI7tU4f-04hKks7EoUZWHwevKcljpEu9Zml8S7qzmE7tZ3VZXEm8_j19mHlyp5kE9LW02d8Z9iftaU69yfsmFdGoA8RlZnaGHfFWqzMH6GL1Hf2NSUkih8U7TACFe0M6kwHiIjucTBNo/s1600/bengal+tiger.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="The Tiger (Panthera tigris)" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigDI7tU4f-04hKks7EoUZWHwevKcljpEu9Zml8S7qzmE7tZ3VZXEm8_j19mHlyp5kE9LW02d8Z9iftaU69yfsmFdGoA8RlZnaGHfFWqzMH6GL1Hf2NSUkih8U7TACFe0M6kwHiIjucTBNo/s1600/bengal+tiger.jpg" title="The Tiger (Panthera tigris)"></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"></span><br>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>The Tiger (Panthera tigris)</b></span>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The subspecies found in India is Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris tigris). </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"> It is classified as endangered by IUCN.</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Distribution :</b> </span><br>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The bengal tigers inhabit tropical moist evergreen forests, tropical dry forests, tropical and subtropical moist deciduous forests, mangroves, subtropical and temperate upland forests, and alluvial grasslands. </span><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The major tiger conservation units in India are Manas-Namdapha, Hazaribagh National Park, Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve, Kanha-Indravati, Panna National Park, Melghat Tiger Reserve, Ratapani Tiger Reserve, Kaziranga-Meghalaya, Kanha-Pench, Simlipal, Indravati Tiger Reserves, Periyar, Kalakad-Mundathurai, Bandipur and Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary. </span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b></b></span><br>
</div><a href="http://random-gs.blogspot.com/2012/11/important-species-of-india-cats.html#more">Read more »</a>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-30020215541360346022012-11-26T22:29:00.001+05:302012-11-26T22:33:34.089+05:30The Press Council Of India<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The Press Council Of India was established as a statutory body to <b>preserves the freedom of the press, and to maintain and improve the standards of print media.</b> It was set up in 1966 by an act of parliament. The present Council functions under the Press Council Act 1978.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">It is a <b>statutory, quasi judicial</b>
body which acts as a watchdog of the press. It adjudicates the
complaints against and by the press for violation of ethics and for
violation of the freedom of the press respectively. It may <b>either warn or censure the errant journalists</b> on finding them guilty.</span><br />
<ul style="text-align: justify;">
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">A <b>retired judge of Supreme court</b> of India acts as the Chairman of the Press Council of India. </span>The present Chairman is Justice<b> Markandey Katju</b>.</li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The council also consists of <b>28 members</b>.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">20 represent the press and are nominated by the press organisations/news agencies recognised and notified by the Council as all India bodies of categories such as editors, working journalists and owners and managers of newspaper; </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">5 members are nominated from the two houses of Parliament and </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">3 represent cultural, literary and legal fields as nominees of the Sahitya Academy, University Grants Commission and the Bar Council of India. </span></li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The members serve on the Council for a term of three years.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The Council is funded by revenue collected by it as fee levied on the
registered newspapers in the country on the basis of their circulation.</span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-63413645390560949192012-11-24T11:43:00.001+05:302012-11-24T11:43:39.784+05:30What is Malware and spyware ?<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Malware is a malicious unwanted software often take control of users' computers for black-market exploitation. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Malware infected computers are called "zombie computers" and can be used for many malicious purposes like sending email spam, hosting offensive material and for conducting denial of service attacks.<br /><br />A Malware can be a computer virus or trojan horse or spyware or adware or any other type of malicious programme. A Malware can be used to gain personal information or sensitive government data. The rise of the broadband internet led to the proliferation of profit oriented malwares.<br /><br />Spyware is a type of malware which monitors user's web browsing data. Then the spyware displays advertisements based on the browsing data and fetch advertisement income to the spyware creators.</span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-15315851893103385572012-11-24T11:18:00.000+05:302012-11-24T11:18:13.170+05:30Section 66A of the Information Technology Act of India 2000<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Section 66A. Punishment for sending offensive messages through communication service etc. </b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Any person who sends, by means of a computer resource or a communication device.- </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">(a) any information that is grossly offensive or has menacing character; or</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">(b) any information which he knows to be false, but for the purpose of causing annoyance, inconvenience, danger, obstruction, insult, injury, criminal intimidation, enmity, hatred or ill will, persistently by making use of such computer resource or a communication device; or<br /> </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">(c) any electronic mail or electronic mail message for the purpose of causing annoyance or inconvenience or to deceive or to mislead the addressee or recipient about the origin of such messages, shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years and with fine.</span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-35384967528076080082012-11-23T22:05:00.003+05:302012-11-24T10:12:28.367+05:30Airports and Seaports Map of India<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/90426882@N06/8212058337/" title="Airports_and_seaports_map_of_India by randomgs, on Flickr"><img alt="Airports_and_seaports_map_of_India" height="500" src="http://farm9.staticflickr.com/8062/8212058337_fc25c4e760.jpg" width="439" /></a>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-90292548953751184422012-11-23T13:56:00.001+05:302012-11-23T13:56:36.365+05:30Factors responsible for the Gold price increase<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Gold prices have reached a record level. The factors responsible for increase in gold price are</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<ul style="text-align: justify;">
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Purchase of Gold by Central banks:</b> The Reserve bank of India recently purchased 200 tonnes of Gold, which led to the price increase in the international and indian gold markets. Other central banks of Asia and Latin America are also buying gold.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Demand for Gold in developing countries like China and India:</b> The rapid GDP growth rate, emergence of middle class in the rapidly developing countries is leading to the demand for Gold in international market. The cultural affinity towards gold also plays a major role in demand from India.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Slowdown in World Economy:</b> As most western economies including USA, UK and EU are facing economic slowdown, more number of investors are looking for safer alternatives like gold.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Gold is inflation proof</b>, which makes it as a prime investment option.</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">References:</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_as_an_investment#Factors_influencing_the_gold_price">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_as_an_investment#Factors_influencing_the_gold_price</a></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"> </span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-71793585273211499172012-11-22T19:00:00.001+05:302012-11-22T19:00:30.328+05:30What is a hawala transaction ?<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Hawala means transfer in arabic language. Hawala is an <b>informal alternative foreign remittances transfer system</b> based on the trust of a huge network of money brokers.<br /><br />It is <b>not a legal method</b> of money transfer, because it evades foreign exchange rate regulations, tax, currency control, immigration, and other concerns. The hawala brokers charge less commission than the banks, which makes it attractive to the common people.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Hawala is also used to
circulate black money and to terrorism funds, drug trafficking and other
illegal activities. The Governmentt of India made, FEMA (Foreign Exchange Management Act)
2000 and PMLA ( Prevention of Money Laundering) Act 2002 to curb these
activities.</span> </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Hawala brokers transfer money without moving it physically.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Steps involved in Money Transfer in a Hawala Transaction:<br /></span></div>
<ol style="text-align: justify;">
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">A customer approaches a hawala broker in one city and gives a sum of money that is to be transferred to a recipient in a foreign country</span>.</li>
<li>The hawala broker calls another hawala broker in the recipient's city, and gives instructions about the funds.</li>
<li>The recipient collects the money from the hawala broker in his city.<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Settlements of debts between hawala brokers can take a variety of forms, such as goods, services, properties, transfers of employees, etc. and need not take the form of direct cash transactions.</span></li>
</ol>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-84886941916729930162012-11-22T18:23:00.001+05:302012-11-22T18:23:21.583+05:30Index of Eight Core Industries - India<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Index of <b>Eight Core Industries</b> (<b>Base: 2004-05</b>=100). </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The Eight core industries have a combined weight of 37.90 per cent in the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) in may 2012.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br />During April-May 2012-13, the cumulative growth rate of the Core industries was 3.4 % as against their growth at 5.0% during the corresponding period in 2011-12.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The eight core industries are</span></div>
<ol style="text-align: justify;">
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Coal</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Crude Oil</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Natural Gas</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Refinery products</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Fertilisers</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Steel</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Cement</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Electricity</span></li>
</ol>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br />Electricity has a maximum weight of 10.32%.<br /></span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3206942050376516293.post-7828486473895787182012-11-22T17:51:00.000+05:302012-11-22T18:23:39.152+05:30Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management FRBM Act 2003<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management <b>FRBM Act 2003</b> aims to achieve financial discipline, reduce fiscal deficit, improve macro economic management.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The main purpose of FRBM Act 2003 was to <b>eliminate revenue deficit(RD)</b> and <b>bring down the fiscal deficit (FD)</b> to a manageable 3% of GDP by march 2008.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The FRBM Act 2003 provides for making rules to specify the <b>annual targets</b> for reduction of fiscal deficit and revenue deficit, contingent liabilities and total liabilities. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The main objectives of the act were</span></div>
<ol style="text-align: justify;">
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">to introduce <b>transparent</b> fiscal management system</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">to introduce a <b>more equitable</b> and manageable distribution of the country's debts over the years</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">to aim for fiscal <b>stability</b> for India in the long run</span></li>
</ol>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">Along with the budget and demands for grants, the government of India should submit the following documents to the parliament.</span></div>
<ol style="text-align: justify;">
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Medium-term Fiscal Policy Statement</b> – It should present a three-year rolling target for the fiscal indicators.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Fiscal Policy Strategy Statement</b> – This should enumerate strategies and policies for the upcoming Financial Year including strategic fiscal priorities, taxation policies, key fiscal measures</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Macro-economic Framework Statement</b> – This report should contain forecasts enumerating the growth prospects of the country - GDP growth etc.</span></li>
</ol>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;">The Act provided that the Central Government shall not borrow from the Reserve Bank of India(RBI) except under exceptional circumstances where there is temporary shortage of cash in particular financial year.</span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0